Karolo ea 1 -Ho sebetsa ho batangshoatshepe
Cold working die steel e kenyelletsa hlobo bakeng sa ho etsa litebele le ho itšeha (ho koala le ho phunya hlobo, ho poma hlobo, litebele, lisekere), hlobo ea lihlooho tse batang, hlobo e batang ea extrusion, hlobo e kobehang, le hlobo ea terata, jj.
1. Maemo a ho sebetsa le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o batangshoe steel
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea mosebetsi o batangshoe steel, ka lebaka la khanyetso e phahameng ea deformation ea thepa e entsoeng, karolo e sebetsang ea hlobo e na le khatello e kholo, matla a ho kobeha, matla a ts'ebetso, le matla a khohlano.Ka hona, lebaka le tloaelehileng la ho lahla hlobo e sebetsang e batang hangata ke ka lebaka la ho taboha le ho taboha.Hape ho na le maemo ao ba hlōlehang pele ho nako ka lebaka la ho robeha, matla a ho putlama, le deformation e fetang mamello.
Ha ho bapisoa le tšepe ea ho itšeha, mosebetsi o batangshoe steele na le lintho tse ngata tse tšoanang.Hlobo e hlokeha ho ba le boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho roala, matla a holimo a ho khumama, le ho tiea ho lekaneng ho netefatsa tsoelo-pele e ntle ea mokhoa oa ho hatakela.Phapang e teng ka sebopeho se rarahaneng le theknoloji ea ho sebetsana le hlobo, hammoho le sebaka se seholo sa likhohlano le monyetla o moholo oa ho apara, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho lokisa le ho sila.Ka hona, ho hlokahala khanyetso e phahameng ea ho apara.Ha hlobo e sebetsa, e na le khatello e phahameng ea ho phunya 'me e atisa ho imeloa kelellong ka lebaka la sebōpeho sa eona se rarahaneng, kahoo e hloka boima bo phahameng;Hlobo e na le boholo bo boholo le sebōpeho se rarahaneng, kahoo e hloka ho thatafala ho phahameng, ho senyeha ha nyenyane, le tšekamelo ea ho phunyeha.Ka bokhutšoanyane, litlhoko tsa ho thatafala, ho hanyetsa ho apara, le ho tiea ha mosebetsi o batangshoe steelli phahame ho feta tsa tšepe ea lisebelisoa tsa ho seha.Leha ho le joalo, litlhoko tsa boima bo bofubelu li batla li le tlaase kapa ha e le hantle ha li hlokehe (hobane li thehoa sebakeng se batang), kahoo likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe tse loketseng liforomo tsa mosebetsi o batang li boetse li thehiloe, tse kang nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa ho apara ho phahameng, micro deformation. mosebetsi o batangshoe steelle phahameng toughness mosebetsi o batangshoe steel.
2. Khetho ea sehlopha sa tšepe
Hangata, ho latela maemo a ts'ebeliso ea liforomo tse batang, khetho ea limaraka tsa tšepe e ka aroloa ka maemo a mane a latelang:
①Chlobo ea khale e sebetsang ka boholo bo bonyenyane, sebopeho se bonolo, le mojaro o bobebe.
Ka mohlala, litebele tse nyenyane le likere bakeng sa ho seha lipoleiti tsa tšepe li ka etsoa ka lisebelisoa tsa carbon tse kang T7A, T8A, T10A, le T12A.Melemo ea mofuta ona oa tšepe ke;Ts'ebetso e ntle, theko e tlase, le mohloli o bonolo.Empa mefokolo ea eona ke: boima bo tlase, bofokoli ba ho roala, le deformation e kholo ea ho tima.Ka hona, e loketse feela lisebelisoa tsa ho etsa lihlahisoa tse nang le litekanyo tse nyane, libopeho tse bonolo, le meroalo e bobebe, hammoho le hlobo e sebetsang e batang e hlokang lera le thata le tlase le boima bo phahameng.
② Mefuta e batang e sebetsang e nang le litekanyo tse kholo, libopeho tse rarahaneng, le meroalo e bobebe.
Mefuta ea tšepe e sebelisoang hangata e kenyelletsa litšepe tsa lisebelisoa tse tlase tsa alloy tse kang 9SiCr, CrWMn, GCr15, le 9Mn2V.Bophara ba ho tima litšepe tsena ka oli hangata bo ka fihla ho 40mm.Har'a tsona, tšepe ea 9Mn2V ke mofuta oa mosebetsi o batangshoe steele ntlafalitsoeng Chaena lilemong tsa morao tjena e se nang Cr.E ka nkela kapa ea nkela tšepe sebaka se seng se nang le Cr.
The carbide heterogeneity le quenching cracking ea tšepe ea 9Mn2V e nyane ho feta ea CrWMn steel, mme tšekamelo ea decarburization e nyane ho feta ea tšepe ea 9SiCr, athe ho thatafala ho feta ha tšepe ea sesebelisoa sa carbon.Theko ea eona e ka ba 30% feela ho feta ea morao-rao, ka hona ke boemo ba tšepe bo lokelang ho khothaletsoa le ho sebelisoa.Leha ho le joalo, tšepe ea 9Mn2V e boetse e na le litšitiso tse ling, joalo ka ho ba le tšusumetso e tlase le ts'ebetso ea ho peperana e fumanehang tlhahisong le ts'ebelisong.Ho feta moo, mocheso oa mocheso o fokola, 'me mocheso oa mocheso hangata ha o fete 180 ℃.Ha o halefile ho 200 ℃, matla a ho kobeha le boima bo qala ho bontša boleng bo tlase.
9Mn2V tšepe e ka tingoa ka ho tima mecha ea litaba e nang le matla a ho pholisa a batlang a le bobebe joalo ka nitrate le oli e chesang.Bakeng sa mefuta e meng e nang le litlhoko tse thata tsa deformation le litlhoko tse tlase tsa boima, ho ka sebelisoa austenitic isothermal quenching.
③ Mefuta e batang e sebetsang e nang le litekanyo tse kholo, libopeho tse rarahaneng, le meroalo e boima.
Alloy e bohareng kapa tšepe e phahameng ea alloy e tlameha ho sebelisoa, e kang Cr12Mo, Crl2MoV, Cr6WV, Cr4W2MoV, joalo-joalo. Ho phaella moo, tšepe e phahameng e ka boela ea sebelisoa.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, mokhoa oa ho sebelisa tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng joaloka hlobo e sebetsang e batang e ntse e eketseha, empa ho lokela ho totobatsoa hore ka nako ena, ha e sa sebelisoa ka matla a ikhethang a bofubelu bo thata ba tšepe e phahameng, empa ho e-na le ho thatafala ha eona ho phahameng le khanyetso e phahameng ea ho apara.Ka hona, ho boetse ho lokela ho ba le phapang ea mokhoa oa phekolo ea mocheso.
Ha o sebelisa tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng joalo ka hlobo e batang, ho tima mocheso o tlase ho lokela ho sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa ho tiea.Mohlala, mocheso o tloaelehileng oa ho tima bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa W18Cr4V ke 1280-1290 ℃.Ha ho etsoa hlobo e batang ea ho sebetsa, ho tima mocheso o tlase ho 1190 ℃ ho lokela ho sebelisoa.Mohlala o mong ke tšepe ea W6Mo5Cr4V2.Ka ho sebelisa ho tima mocheso o tlaase, bophelo ba tšebeletso bo ka ntlafatsoa haholo, haholo-holo ka ho fokotsa haholo tekanyo ea tahlehelo.
④ Mefuta e batang e sebetsang e kenngoeng ke meroalo e mengata 'me e na le likheo tse nyane tsa lehare.
Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea mefuta e meraro ea pele ea li-steel tse batang haholo ke tse phahameng haholo tse hanyetsang, kahoo tšepe e phahameng ea carbon hypereutectoid esita le tšepe ea ledeburite e sebelisoa.Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa mosebetsi o mong o batang oa shoa, joalo ka ho seha ha tora e ka thoko le ho shoa ha sekoahelo, tse nang le manonyeletso a masesaane 'me li tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo ha li sebelisoa, ho hlokahala hore ho be thata haholo.E le ho rarolla khanyetsano ena, ho ka nkoa mehato e latelang:
Ⅰ-fokotsa carbon content 'me u sebelise tšepe ea hypoeutectoid ho qoba ho fokotseha ha tšepe ea tšepe e bakoang ke li-carbides tsa mantlha le tsa bobeli;
Ⅱ-Ho eketsa lisebelisoa tsa alloy tse kang Si le Cr ho ntlafatsa botsitso le mocheso oa tšepe (ho futhumatsa ka 240-270 ℃) ho molemo bakeng sa ho felisa khatello ea kelello ka botlalo le ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ntle le ho fokotsa boima;
Ⅲ-Eketsa likarolo tse kang W ho theha li-carbides tse refractory ho hloekisa lijo-thollo le ho ntlafatsa ho tiea.Litšepe tse sebelisoang hangata bakeng sa hlobo e batang haholo e sebetsang e kenyelletsa 6SiCr, 4CrW2Si, 5CrW2Si, joalo-joalo.
3. Litsela Tsa ho Sebelisa ka Botlalo Matla a Tshebetso ea Cold Working Die Steel
Ha o sebelisa tšepe ea mofuta oa Cr12 kapa tšepe e lebelo le phahameng joalo ka hlobo e sebetsang e batang, bothata bo hlahelletseng ke bofokoli bo phahameng ba tšepe, bo tloaetseng ho phatloha nakong ea ts'ebeliso.Ho finyella sena, hoa hlokahala ho hloekisa li-carbides ho sebelisa mekhoa e lekaneng ea ho qhekella.Ho phaella moo, limaraka tse ncha tsa tšepe li lokela ho ntlafatsoa.Sepheo sa ho hlahisa limaraka tse ncha tsa tšepe e lokela ho ba ho fokotsa carbon content ea tšepe le palo ea likarolo tse etsang li-carbides.
Cr4W2MoV tšepe e na le melemo e kang ho thatafala ho phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara ho phahameng, le ho thatafala ho hotle.E boetse e na le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso le thepa e felletseng ea mochini.E sebelisetsoa ho etsa lesela la tšepe la silicon le shoa, joalo-joalo E ka eketsa nako ea bophelo ka makhetlo a fetang 1-3 ho bapisoa le tšepe ea Cr12MoV.Leha ho le joalo, mocheso oa mocheso oa tšepe ena o moqotetsane, 'me o atisa ho petsoha nakong ea ho qhekella.Thempereichara ea forging le litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso li lokela ho laoloa ka thata.
Cr2Mn2SiWMoV tšepe e na le mocheso o tlase o timang, deformation e nyane ea ho tima, le ho thatafala haholo.E tsejoa e le moea quenched micro deformationshoe steel.
7W7Cr4MoV tšepe e ka nkela tšepe sebaka sa W18Cr4V le Cr12MoV.Tšobotsi ea eona ke hore ho se tšoane ha li-carbides le ho tiea ha tšepe ho ntlafalitsoe haholo.
Karolo2 -Ho sebetsa ho chesangshoe steel
1. Maemo a sebetsang a hlobo e chesang ea ho sebetsa
Mefuta e chesang e sebetsang e kenyelletsa hlobo e entsoeng ka hamore, hlobo e chesang ea extrusion, le hlobo e bolaeang.Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, tšobotsi e ka sehloohong ea maemo a ho sebetsa a liforomo tse chesang tse sebetsang ke ho kopana le tšepe e chesang, e leng phapang e ka sehloohong ho tloha maemong a ho sebetsa a hlobo e batang ea ho sebetsa.Ka hona, e tla tlisa mathata a latelang a mabeli:
(1) Tšepe e ka holimo ea mokoti oa hlobo e futhumetse.Hangata, ha hammering dies e sebetsa, mocheso oa holim'a setopo o ka fihla ho feta 300-400 ℃, 'me mocheso o chesang oa extrusion o ka fihla ho feta 500-800 ℃;Thempereichara ea sekoting sa hlobo ea die-casting e amana le mofuta oa lintho tse bolaeang le mocheso o tšollang.Ha tšepe e ntšo e bolaeang, mocheso oa hlobo o ka fihla ho feta 1000 ℃.Lithempereichara tse joalo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebeliso li tla fokotsa haholo ho thatafala ha bokaholimo le matla a sekoti sa hlobo, ho etsa hore e be bonolo ho phutha nakong ea ts'ebeliso.Tlhokahalo ea ts'ebetso ea mantlha bakeng sa ho chesashoe steelke khanyetso e phahameng ea thermoplastic, ho kenyelletsa ho thatafala ha mocheso o phahameng le matla, le khanyetso e phahameng ea thermoplastic, e hlileng e bonahatsang botsitso bo phahameng ba tšepe ea tšepe.Ho tloha ho sena, tsela ea pele ea ho kopanya tšepe e chesang e ka fumanoa, ke hore, ho eketsa lisebelisoa tse kang Cr, W, Si ho ka ntlafatsa botsitso ba tšepe.
(2) Mokhathala oa mocheso (ho phunyeha) o hlaha holim'a tšepe e ka holimo ea hlobo ea hlobo.Litšobotsi tse sebetsang tsa hlobo tse chesang li na le nako le nako.Ka mor'a ho etsoa ha tšepe e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e chesang, bokaholimo ba hlobo bo hloka ho pholile ka mecha ea litaba e kang metsi, oli le moea.Ka hona, boemo ba ho sebetsa ba hlobo e chesang bo futhumetse khafetsa 'me bo pholile, e le hore tšepe e ka holimo ea hlobo e tla ba le katoloso ea mocheso e pheta-phetoang, ke hore, khafetsa e tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo le khatello ea maikutlo.Ka lebaka leo, bokaholimo ba hlobo bo tla phatloha, bo bitsoang mokhathala oa mocheso.Ka hona, tlhokahalo ea bobeli ea motheo ea ts'ebetso bakeng sa ho chesashoe steele behoa pele, ke hore, e na le khanyetso e phahameng ea mocheso oa mokhathala.
Ka kakaretso, lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse amang mocheso oa ho khathala ha tšepe ke:
① Thermal conductivity ea tšepe.The phahameng mocheso conductivity ea tšepe e ka fokotsa tekanyo ea ho futhumatsa holim'a tšepe holim'a hlobo, ka tsela eo ho fokotsa tšekamelo ea tšepe ho mokhathala mogote.Ka kakaretso ho lumeloa hore mocheso oa mocheso oa tšepe o amana le litaba tsa carbon.Ha carbon content e phahame, mocheso oa mocheso o tlaase, kahoo ha oa lokela ho sebelisa tšepe e phahameng ea carbon bakeng sa mosebetsi o chesang.shoe steel.Likahare tsa carbon tse tlaase tsa carbon steel medium (C0.3% 5-0.6%) li atisa ho sebelisoa tlhahisong, e leng se ka lebisang ho fokotseha ha boima le matla a tšepe hape e kotsi.
② Phello ea ntlha ea bohlokoa ea tšepe.Hangata, ha ntlha ea bohlokoa (Acl) ea tšepe e phahame, e theola tšekamelo ea eona ea mokhathala oa mocheso.Ka hona, ntlha ea bohlokoa ea tšepe hangata e eketseha ka ho eketsa likarolo tsa alloying Cr, W, Si, le lead.Ka hona ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mokhathala oa mocheso oa tšepe.
2. Tšepe bakeng sa liforomo tse sebelisoang hangata tse chesang
(1) Tšepe bakeng sa ho foraloa hamore ea shoa.Ka kakaretso, ho na le lintlha tse peli tse hlahelletseng mabapi le tšebeliso ea tšepe bakeng sa hlobo ea hamore.Ntlha ea pele, e itšetlehile ka lintho tse ngata nakong ea ts'ebetso.Ka hona, thepa ea mechine ea tšepe e hlokeha hore e be e phahameng, haholo-holo bakeng sa khanyetso ea deformation ea polasetiki le ho tiea;Lebaka la bobeli ke hore boholo ba likarolo tsa hamore forging die e batla e le kholo (<400mm), e hlokang ho thatafala ha tšepe ho netefatsa hore microstructure e ts'oanang le ts'ebetso ea lefu lohle.
Litšepe tse sebelisoang ka hamore tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo li kenyelletsa 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, 5CrNiW, 5CrNiTi, le 5CrMnMoSiV.Mefuta e fapaneng ea hlobo ea mahlo a hamore e lokela ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng.Bakeng sa ho etsa hamore e kholo haholo kapa e kholo e shoa, 5CrNiMo e ea khethoa.5CrNiTi, 5CrNiW, kapa 5CrMnMoSi le tsona li ka sebelisoa.5CrMnMo tšepe hangata e sebelisetsoa ho etsa hamore e nyane le e mahareng.
(2) Tšepe e sebelisoa bakeng sa hlobo e chesang ea extrusion, 'me tšobotsi ea ho sebetsa ea hlobo e chesang ea extrusion ke lebelo la ho pepa.Ka hona, mocheso oa mocheso oa hlobo o batla o phahame, hangata o fihla ho 500-800 ℃.Litlhokahalo tsa ts'ebetso ea mofuta ona oa tšepe li lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo haholo ho matla a phahameng a mocheso (ke hore, botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso) le ho hanyetsa mokhathala o phahameng oa mocheso.Litlhoko tsa AK le boima ba 'mele li ka theoleloa ka nepo.Ka kakaretso, boholo ba hlobo e chesang ea extrusion e nyenyane, hangata e ka tlase ho 70-90 mm.
Mefuta e sebelisoang hangata e chesang extrusion e kenyelletsa 4CrW2Si, 3Cr2W8V, le 5% Cr mofuta oa mosebetsi o chesang.shoe steels.Har'a tsona, 4CrW2Si e ka sebelisoa e le mosebetsi o batang ka bobelishoe steelle mosebetsi o chesangshoe steel.Ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso e fapaneng, mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo ea mocheso e ka sebelisoa.Ha ho etsoa hlobo e batang, mocheso o tlase oa ho tima (870-900 ℃) le kalafo e tlase kapa e mahareng ea mocheso o sebelisoa;Ha ho etsoa hlobo e chesang, mocheso o phahameng oa ho tima (hangata 950-1000 ℃) le phekolo ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso o sebelisoa.
(3) Tšepe bakeng sa hlobo e bolaeang.Ka kakaretso, litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea tšepe bakeng sa liforomo tsa die-casting li tšoana le tsa hlobo e chesang ea extrusion, e nang le botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso le ho hanyetsa mokhathala oa mocheso ke litlhoko tse ka sehloohong.Kahoo mofuta oa tšepe o sebelisoang hangata o tšoana le tšepe e sebelisoang bakeng sa hlobo e chesang ea extrusion.Joalo ka tloaelo, ho sebelisoa tšepe e kang 4CrW2Si le 3Cr2W8V.Leha ho le joalo, ho na le liphapang, tse kang tšebeliso ea 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, le 40CrMo bakeng sa mefuta e tlaase ea ho qhibiliha ea Zn alloy die-casting hlobo;Bakeng sa liforomo tsa Al le Mg alloy die-casting, 4CrW2Si, 4Cr5MoSiV, joalo-joalo li ka khethoa.Bakeng sa liforomo tsa Cu alloy die-casting, tšepe ea 3Cr2W8V e sebelisoa haholo.
SetsebiShoa SteelSmotlatsi – Jinbaicheng Metal
JINBAICHENGke mofani ea ka sehloohong oa lefats'e oamosebetsi o batang le mosebetsi o chesangdie steels, polasetikishoe steels, die casting tool steels le custom open-die forgings, processing over100,000 lithane tsa tšepe selemo le selemo.Lihlahisoa tsa rona li etsoa ka3lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso kashandong, jiangsu, le profinse ea Guangdong.Ka litokelo tse fetang 100,JINBAICHENGe beha litekanyetso tsa lefats'e ho kenyeletsa ho ba moetsi oa pele oa tšepe kaChinaho fumana setifikeiti sa ISO 9001.Webosaete ea semmuso:www.sdjbcmetal.com Lengolo-tsoibila: jinbaichengmetal@gmail.com kapa WhatsApp hohttps://wa.me/18854809715
Nako ea poso: Jun-21-2023